B1

Temporal Clauses

💡Not sure what Nominativ or Akkusativ means?Word Functions

Explicação

Temporal clauses (Temporale Nebensätze)

Temporal clauses indicate when an action occurs relative to another. They are introduced by temporal conjunctions, which send the verb to the end of the subordinate clause.

Key temporal conjunctions

ConjunctionMeaningUse
wennwhen / ifPresent/future or repeated past events
alswhenSingle event in the past
währendwhile / duringSimultaneous events
bevor / ehebeforePrior to another action
nachdemafterPosterior (requires tense shift)
bisuntilTemporal limit
seit / seitdemsinceStart of ongoing period
sobaldas soon asImmediately after

wenn vs. als — the crucial distinction

wennals
Present/future: Wenn es regnet, bleibe ich zu Hause.Single past event: Als es regnete, ...
Repeated past: Wenn ich als Kind krank war, ...NOT for repeated past events

nachdem — tense shift

With nachdem, the subordinate clause is one tense earlier: Nachdem er gegessen hatte (Plusquamperfekt), ging er spazieren (Präteritum).

⚠️ Very common error: using wenn for a single past event (should be als). Als ich nach Deutschland kam (correct) — NOT wenn ich nach Deutschland kam.

Exemplos

  • Als ich Kind war, wohnte ich in Rio.

    When I was a child, I lived in Rio.

  • Nachdem er gegessen hatte, ging er los.

    After he had eaten, he left.

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